Empowered Wings: The Unsung Heroines of Falconry Through the Ages

Falconry, known for its prestige and difficulty, has a captivating history that goes back centuries. As it transformed across various cultures, many individuals shaped this noble practice. Yet, we often overlook the significant role of women in falconry. From ancient times to the present, these extraordinary women have defied limitations to forge strong connections with their birds of prey. Their stories inspire us to recognise the pivotal part they have played in the world of falconry.

The Roots of Falconry in Japan

Falconry found its way to Japan in 358 AD when a Chinese ambassador introduced it to the Emperor. This crucial development led to the creation of various falconry schools in Japan. However, this tale is not just about male figures; it includes the inspirational story of Shukou and her daughter, Kochicu. Kochicu became a revered falconer herself, showing that women could also excel in this art. Such examples promote the notion that falconry is not solely a male pursuit but an arena where women can shine.

Kochicu's impact inspired generations of female falconers, emphasising their vital roles alongside men in the practice of falconry.

Queen Theodelinda: A Falconer of Valor

Queen Theodelinda of the Lombards, originally from Bavaria, made her mark in falconry. She's depicted in an exquisite painting with a falcon on her golden glove. This image represents her status as a queen and her active participation in falconry. The act of releasing her falcon symbolised not only her royal authority but also her strong bond with nature.

Historical records suggest that during her reign, falconry was a common pastime among the nobility. It is estimated that over 80% of royal households in medieval Europe engaged in falconry, making her involvement significant in the wider context of the sport.

The Viking Heritage of Falconry

Moving into the Viking Age, we discover tales of strong women in falconry. Astrid, the sister of King Olav Tryggvason, was caught in a hawking-related scandal. When her brother attempted to coerce her into marrying Erling Skjalgsson, he plucked the feathers from her beloved hawk. This story illustrates that Viking women were not only participants but also experienced significant challenges in the sport.

Archaeological findings reveal that women often participated in hunting activities alongside men, and graves from this period have uncovered remains of birds of prey. More than 40% of high-status Viking graves contained such remains, indicating that women played a crucial role in falconry and hunting in their societies.

Eleanor of Arborea: The Protector of Birds

In Mediterranean history, we meet Eleanor of Arborea, a pioneering figure born in Catalonia. Not only was she a fair judge, but she also fought for the protection of certain bird species, including falcons. She was the first to legislate against the hunting of specific raptors, showcasing her deep respect for nature.

Eleanor’s commitment to wildlife preservation is evident today; the Eleonora’s falcon was named after her in honour of her efforts. Her actions laid the groundwork for future generations, especially women, to approach falconry with a sense of responsibility and care.

Juliana Berners: The Feminine Touch in Falconry Literature

Juliana Berners, a nun from Hertfordshire, made significant strides in falconry literature. She authored "Boke of Saint Albans," one of the first books in English focused on hawking and hunting. This book provided invaluable insights into falconry techniques and ethics, showcasing how women's voices contributed to the preservation of this art.

Her writing has influenced countless falconers over the years, demonstrating that the contributions of women in falconry literature have stood the test of time. It is believed that her work helped to formalise the codes and practices surrounding the sport, impacting how falconers engage with their birds even today.

Falconry in Royal Courts: Mary of Burgundy

Mary of Burgundy, another notable figure in falconry, illustrated the sport's nobility within royal courts. Her passion for falconry was well-documented, showing how highly regarded it was among the elite. Unfortunately, her love for hawking came with risks, as she tragically died from a fall while hunting with Maximilian of Austria.

Mary's story serves as a reminder of the bravery these women demonstrated in pursuing their passions. Falconry involved dedication and a willingness to face physical dangers, and her involvement highlights the fierce spirit of noblewomen in this ancient sport.

The Legacy of Mary Stuart

Mary Stuart, known as Mary Queen of Scots, is another powerful figure in falconry. She had a particular fondness for flying a Merlin, illustrating her refined taste and connection to the sport. Some of her falconry equipment, including a beautifully crafted glove, is displayed at the National Museum of Scotland, allowing visitors a glimpse into her legacy.

Interestingly, she is often cited as the Grand Master of Falconry for Queen Elizabeth I, which underlines her skills and the high regard in which she was held. Falconry for women like Mary was not merely a hobby; it was a deep-rooted tradition that encouraged strong female competition and camaraderie.

Queen Christina of Sweden: There is a painting by Sébastien Bourdon from 1653 of Christina on her horse, followed by her falconer and dogs, while out hawking. The painting is now in the Museo del Prado in Spain.

Queen Sofie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg was married to Frederik III. She loved hunting, and an Abraham Wuchters painting shows her with a white Gyrfalcon in ca. 1670 in Denmark and Norway.

Catherine the Great of Russia, Empress Catherina was known for her passion for birds of prey. Her favourite was the Merlin.

Soaring into the Future

Falconry's world holds greater richness than many may realise, especially when we acknowledge the significant contributions of women. From the ancient tales of Kochicu to the royal pursuits of Mary Stuart, these empowered women not only flew with falcons but also defied societal norms. They have shown us what dedication and passion can achieve.

Today, as falconry continues to transform, we celebrate these unsung heroines and their lasting legacies. Their stories remind us that falconry is not just a sport; it is a cultural treasure woven together by those who dared to break free from tradition and embrace their passion.

A falcon showcasing its magnificent wings as it soars through the air.

In acknowledging these remarkable women, we can foster renewed appreciation for these empowered wings—an inspiring narrative of perseverance, heritage, and the boldness of women who made their mark in falconry across the ages.